What happens if the timing belt fails in an engine?

When a timing belt fails, it can lead to catastrophic events within the engine, particularly in interference engines where the pistons and valves occupy the same space in the cylinders. The failure of the timing belt typically results in the synchronization between the crankshaft and camshaft being disrupted. If this timing is off due to belt failure, it can cause the engine's pistons to collide with the open valves, leading to bent valves, damaged pistons, and even a complete engine failure. This kind of damage often requires extensive repairs, sometimes involving a complete engine rebuild or replacement, which can be very costly.

In contrast, a properly functioning timing belt ensures that the engine runs smoothly and efficiently, maintaining optimal combustion and performance. Therefore, understanding the critical role of the timing belt is essential for preventing severe engine damage that may arise from its failure.